A Level History - America - Practice Exam

What was Marcus Garvey's primary advocacy for African Americans?

1. Establishment of a local community center

2. Promotion of immigration to Liberia

3. Creation of educational programs in the US

4. Formation of labor unions for African Americans

The correct answer is: Promotion of immigration to Liberia

Marcus Garvey's primary advocacy for African Americans centered around the promotion of immigration to Liberia, a vision closely associated with his concept of Black nationalism. Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), which aimed to unify and uplift people of African descent worldwide. He believed that African Americans could achieve true freedom and self-determination by returning to Africa, particularly Liberia, which was established as a settlement for freed American slaves. Garvey's emphasis on African redemption and the idea of a separate nation for Black people were key components of his ideology, which sought to inspire pride in African heritage and encourage economic independence. His movement resonated with many African Americans during a period marked by racial discrimination, and his call for repatriation was a significant part of his broader strategy to combat systemic racism and empower Black communities.