A Level History - America - Practice Exam

What phrase describes Roosevelt's approach to foreign policy?

1. Speak softly and carry a big stick

2. Negotiate with open hands

3. Military action before diplomacy

4. Trade is the best policy

The correct answer is: Speak softly and carry a big stick

The phrase "Speak softly and carry a big stick" encapsulates Theodore Roosevelt's approach to foreign policy, highlighting his belief in a balance between diplomacy and military readiness. Roosevelt promoted the idea of negotiating peacefully while simultaneously maintaining the capability to use military force if necessary. This philosophy reflects a pragmatic understanding of international relations, where the projection of power serves as a deterrent to potential aggressors while allowing for diplomatic engagement to resolve conflicts. Roosevelt's big stick policy was particularly prominent in various aspects of his administration, including the construction of the Panama Canal and the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, which asserted the United States' right to intervene in Latin America. This approach aimed to position the United States as a dominant power and emphasized the importance of maintaining strength to support diplomatic efforts. Other phrases such as "negotiate with open hands" or "trade is the best policy" do not capture the same combination of diplomacy supported by military strength that Roosevelt advocated. Similarly, the idea of "military action before diplomacy" misrepresents Roosevelt's strategy, as he valued diplomatic solutions but recognized the importance of being prepared to enforce U.S. interests if negotiations failed. Thus, the expression "Speak softly and carry a big stick" accurately reflects Theodore Roosevelt