A Level History - America - Practice Exam

What does the term "Square Deal" refer to?

1. The economic policy of Franklin D. Roosevelt

2. The foreign policy initiatives of Taft

3. The domestic program of Theodore Roosevelt

4. The civil rights reforms of the 1960s

The correct answer is: The domestic program of Theodore Roosevelt

The term "Square Deal" refers to the domestic program of Theodore Roosevelt, who served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909. Roosevelt's Square Deal was centered around his progressive ideology and aimed to ensure fairness for workers, consumers, and businesses. It emphasized three main goals: conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection. This program marked a significant shift in the role of the federal government in regulating the economy and seeking to provide equitable opportunities for all Americans, making it a cornerstone of Roosevelt's presidency. In contrast, the economic policy of Franklin D. Roosevelt, known as the New Deal, implemented a series of reforms and programs in response to the Great Depression. The foreign policy initiatives of Taft primarily focused on dollar diplomacy, which aimed to extend American influence through economic means rather than military intervention. The civil rights reforms of the 1960s were a separate movement focused on ending racial discrimination and promoting equality, distinct from both Roosevelt's earlier efforts and the context of the Square Deal.